Computer science and abstraction Programming languages

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Journal of American journal of computer science and Engineering surveys an open access rapid peer-reviewed journal in the field of computer research. It is a bimonthly journal.  Below we discuss.

Computer science, abstraction is:

The process of removing physical, spatial, or temporal details or attributes in the study of objects or systems to focus attention on details of greater importance; it is similar in nature to the process of generalization; The creation of abstract concept-objects by mirroring common features or attributes of various non-abstract objects or systems of study – the result of the process of abstraction.

Abstraction, in general, is a fundamental concept in computer science and software development. The process of abstraction can also be referred to as modeling and is closely related to the concepts of theory and design. Models can also be considered types of abstractions per their generalization of aspects of reality.

 

Abstraction in computer science is closely related to abstraction in mathematics due to their common focus on building abstractions as objects but is also related to other notions of abstraction used in other fields such as art. Abstractions may also refer to real-world objects and systems, rules of computational systems, or rules of programming languages that carry or utilize features of abstraction itself, such as The usage of data types to perform data abstraction to separate usage from working representations of data structures within programs;

The concept of procedures, functions, or subroutines which represent a specific of implementing control flow in programs; The rules commonly named "abstraction" that generalize expressions using free and bound variables in the various versions of lambda calculus; The usage of S-expressions as an abstraction of data structures and programs in the Lisp programming language; The process of reorganizing common behavior from non-abstract classes into "abstract classes" using inheritance to abstract over sub-classes as seen in the object-oriented C++ and Java programming languages.

Programming languages

Functional programming languages commonly exhibit abstractions related to functions, such as lambda abstractions (making a term into a function of some variable) and higher-order functions (parameters are functions).

Modern members of the Lisp programming language family such as Closure, Scheme, and Common Lisp support macrosystems to allow syntactic abstraction. Other programming languages such as Scale also have macros or very similar met programming features (for example, Haskell has Template Haskell, and OCaml has MetaOCaml). These can allow a programmer to eliminate boilerplate code, abstract away tedious function call sequences, implement new control flow structures, and implement Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs), which allow domain-specific concepts to be expressed in concise and elegant ways. All of these, when used correctly, improve both the programmer's efficiency and the clarity of the code by making the intended purpose more explicit. A consequence of syntactic abstraction is also that any Lisp dialect and in fact almost any programming language can, in principle, be implemented in any modern Lisp with significantly reduced (but still non-trivial in some cases) effort when compared to "more traditional" programming languages such as Python, C or Java.

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